1st order kinetics

• Elimination is directly proportional to blood concentration (eliminated per unit of time)

MIC

• B-lactam abx are most effective when drug levels exceed the MIC
  • Keep the drug level above the MIC for more than 50% of the time between doses

Pharmacokinetics

• Describes what the body does to the drug
  • Dissolution
  • Absorption
  • Distribution
  • Metabolism
  • Excretion

Pharmacodynamics

• Study of what the drug does to the body

  • Cellular membrane disruption
  • Ligand binding to receptors - effect drug has when its ligand binds to a receptor and causes a downstream effect
  • Cytotoxicity - negative effect a drug has on a specific cell
  • Inverse agonism - how the drug affects receptors, similar to antagonists but are a special case and apply when a receptor has some constitutive or low grade activity if unbound by agonists. Blocks agonists from binding + increasing the receptor activity (antagonism) + reduces the constitutive receptor activity

• TPN composition

• Sirolimus MOA

• Norepinephrine - pharmacodynamics

• AFib RVR + COPD/bronchospasm - calcium channel blocker for rate control (not beta blocker) [8/11]

• Ativan - more rapid onset than diazepam (valium), longer half-life than midazolam (versed) [9/4]

• Propofol - advantages: ICP [9/10]

• HFrEF vs HFpEF - HFpEF: guideline directed BP control with BB blocker, ACE, or hydralazine [9/24]

• Succinylcholine - contraindications [10/4]

• vWD - Tx: Desmopressin [10/6]

• GLP1 vs GLP2 analogues [10/12]